CLR and JVR is a Framework.
Framework => under platform independent language like java and .net the
compiled code is executed under the control of a special software known as
Framework , which will mask the functionality of an OS and makes the code
executable under its control.
In case of dependent language machine code is
execute under the control of OS and makes the code to execute under its
control.
In case of dependent language machine code
execute under the control of OS.
Intermediate code which executes under the
control of framework enjoy the following features.
- OS Independency
- Security.
- Automatic memory management.
Because of the benefit we get while executing
the code under framework , we refer to intermediate code as managed whereas
machine code is unmanaged.
DEVELOPMENT OF .NET FRAMEWORK :- The development of .net framework has been started in the
let 90’s origin at the under the name NGWS (next generation windows services).
To develop the framework is set of
specification were prepared known as CLI specification (Common Language
Infrastructure).
CLI specifications are open specification that
are standardized under ISO (International Standard Organization) and ECMA
(European Computer Manufacturers Association).
CLI Specification: - CLI specification focuses on FOUR major areas.
- CLS - Common Language Specification
- CTS - Common Type System
- BCL - Base Class Library
- VES - Virtual Execution System
CLS -> A set of base rules are the high level .NET languages has
to adopt to interoperate with each other most importantly after compilation all
the language should generate the same code known as CIL.
Q. Way Cant all OO languages interoperate?
Ans. 1. Mismatch in Code.
2. Mismatch in data type system.
CTS -> According to CTS the
data type system adopted in all the .net languages should be uniform I.e. size
of the relative types should be same between the all languages.
Because every .net language is derived from an
existing language the names of the type differ from language to language but
after compilation any type used as any language get converted to IL type.
As all the types used in any language finally
gets converted into IL types in CIL while consuming CIL code from any language
that gets presented in the language understandable format from where we are
consuming it.
CLS and CTS have the foundation for language
interoperability, which is possible between .net languages.
